E-Tivity Essay Example

E-Tivity Paper Name: Tutor: Course: Date: We will write a custom essay sample on E-Tivity specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on E-Tivity specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on E-Tivity specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer E-Tivity Introduction From the changing American family video, I watched six chapters of it and learnt several issues that are facing modern families and changing trends. From all of them, it was clear that family is changing from the normal father, mother and children setting to include other types of families such as same sex families, single families and step families. All this is due to the changing culture within America. Some of the chapters that I watched include, introduction, panel introduction, unique US family patterns, importance of stability for children, the way marriage is valued and the gay marriages. Interesting issues from chapters watched In chapter one, Introduction, I learnt that families patterns are changing rapidly in America. The family has become an object of significant social value as well as occasion sentiment. It is also capable of generating intense motions and political loyalty, sexuality and motherhood amongst others. Additionally, marriages are declining while divorce rates are on the rise. Such issues are changing the meaning of gender and sexuality and marriage, as well. In the second chapter, panel introduction, the invited panel members are introduced. Each of their credibility, as well as their works is addressed not forgetting the issues required. In the third chapter, I learnt that the United Sates is highly distinctive compared to other developed countries in the world, in terms of family values. One of the unique patterns about families in United States is a fact that people have many partners in their lives than any other country. It is not surprising that children see several partners of their parents coming and going. Relationships, especially co-habiting, starts very quickly and ends quickly, as well. After a break up, people seek other relationships very quickly. This is caused by a high value in individualism, as well as a high value for marriage that see people seeking it more often than in any other country. The fourth chapter looks into the importance for stability for children. One learns that children do not have a choice when it comes to relationships of their parents. Stability is crucial for child development. For people with children, getting into another relationship should take some time in order to allow t he children to adjust and have a stable family. Before bringing in another partner, one should be sure that the person would be good for the child. Chapter 5, the way marriage is valued, is about how marriage is valued in the United States. The truth is that marriage is valued as a status symbol in where people view it as a way to show they have a successful life. Chapter 13, Gay marriage, further shows how much marriage is valued. It is in the United States that most activist activities in support of gay marriage have been experienced. Gay couples are seeking civil recognition in order to marry. This shows that Americans, whether straight or homosexual, highly value marriage. Multiple-choice question on chapter 1, introduction Which of the following is not among the changing patterns of families in United States? a). Single families are on the rise b). The divorce rate is on the rise in the United States than any other developed country c). Same sex families have continued to rise d). Marriages are lasting longer than before Essay Question Why do people in the united states have more partners than any other country? United states has seen the most issues in marriages, families and relationships. It is no surprise that a person can have several relationships in a short period such as more than one or two relationships in one year. One of the main reasons is the amount of value places on marriage as well as relationships or having a partner. In united states, people have a high value for relationships than any other country. Therefore, no one wants to be without a partner for long. On the other hand, it becomes hard to maintain a relationship because of the high value on individualism. Americans determine a relationship in terms of how much individual value it adds to their life. Thus, when it does not break up comes. Therefore, individualism and high value on marriage causes Americans to have several relationships over short periods.

Learn About the Verb Essere (To Be) in Italian

Learn About the Verb Essere (To Be) in Italian Essere is an irregular verb (un verbo irregolare); it does not follow a predictable pattern of conjugation. Note that the form sono is used with both  io and loro. Grammatical Notes Essere is used with di name of a city to indicate city of origin (the city someone is from). To indicate country of origin, an adjective of nationality is generally used: He is from France He is French È francese. Io sono di Chicago: tu di dove sei? (Im from Chicago; where are you from?) Essere di proper name is used to indicate possession. No apostrophe s is used in Italian to indicate possession: It is Annas It is of Anna È di Anna. Questa chitarra à ¨ di Beppino; non à ¨ di Vittoria.  (This guitar is Beppinos; its not Vittorias.) To find out who the owner of something is, ask Di chi à ¨ singular or Di chi sono plural. Di chi à ¨ questo cane? Di chi sono questi cani? (Whose dog is this? Whose dogs are these?) Essere as an Auxiliary Verb Essere is also used as an auxiliary verb in the following cases: Reflexive verbs: those verbs whose action reverts to the subject, as in the following examples: I wash myself. They enjoy themselves.Impersonal form: as in the English equivalents one, you, we, they, or people verb. Si mangia bene in Italia - People (They) eat well in Italy.Passive voice: in a passive construction the subject of the verb receives the action instead of doing it, as in the sentence: Caesar was killed by Brutus. The present tense (il presente) of essere is as follows: Conjugating the Italian Verb Essere in the Present Tense SINGOLARE PLURALE (io) sono I am (noi) siamo we are (tu) sei you are (fam.) (voi) siete you are (fam.) (Lei) you are (form.) (Loro) sono you are (form.) (lui) he is (loro) sono they are (fam.) To Be, or Not To Be?: Compound Tenses The compound tenses are verb tenses, such as the  passato prossimo, that consist of two words. The appropriate tense of  avere  or  essere  (called the  auxiliary or helping verbs) and the past participle of the target verb forms the verb phrase. When using  essere, the past participle always agrees in gender and number with the subject of the verb. It can therefore have four endings:  -o, -a, -i, -e. In many cases intransitive verbs (those that cannot take a direct object), especially those expressing motion, are conjugated with the auxiliary verb  essere. The verb  essere  is also conjugated with itself as the auxiliary verb. Some of the most common verbs that form compound tenses with  essere  include: andare (to go)arrivare (to arrive)cadere (to fall, to drop)costare (to cost)crescere (to grow)diventare (to become)per durare, continuare (to last, to continue)per entrare (to enter)morire (to die)nascere (to be born)lasciare, partire (to leave, to depart)stare, rimanere (to stay, to remain)ritornare (to return)uscire (to exit)venire (to come)

Write about ocean resource economic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Write about ocean resource economic - Essay Example There are many types of fish found in the ocean thus making the ocean a source of food to a huge number of people. Fishing industry has extensively grown due to a lot of competition. However, individuals engage in fishing as a way of getting their food and others do fishing as a source of their revenue. For those people who engage in fishing for food are just do it for consumption purposes. However, for those people who engage in fishing activities for commercial purposes are industrial fisheries. Therefore in connection with the problem of unemployment is partially solved through the act of fishing. There are both skilled and unskilled persons employed in the fish industries that arise from the existence of the oceans. Therefore, fishing is a factor that leads to decrease in unemployment levels ((Acheson 1975). As a means of transport, oceans are a medium of transport by the use of boats and ships. This marine industry is a source of employment to a big number of people. Some people are self-employed while others get work in the harbors and others in the ships. Therefore, marine transport helps in reducing the levels of unemployment since quit e a big number of people get employed in the marine transport related sectors. Also, for the business persons involved in the business, they increase the level of tax income in a country and this revenue if used in carrying out a profitable project, and then other people get employed. Hence, marine transportation reduces unemployment both directly and indirectly. The ocean is a site for recreational activities for people during their leisure time. It has led to the coming up of the tourism industry. Many hotels have come up along the beaches of the oceans. Many people love having fun in different countries that have beautiful sites along the beach and a favorable weather condition. This is a source of employment for many persons either directly

Managing Organisational Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Managing Organisational Change - Essay Example So the above stated lines are indicating one more interesting technique to reach Organisational goals, that is changing the people's attitude, their way of working, and behaviour towards work so that Organisation can reach its objectives through change which is probably the only way for it to reach its goals as modernisation automatically changes the surroundings, behaviours of buyers, the variety of competition and so on. Globalisation is a recent word suggesting that there is a new cohesion in markets worldwide, which may imply that it is likely that change cannot be resisted or that the traditional local markets cannot be sheltered from the impact of such general change. Such claims might seem to have a surface validity. However, it is difficult to identify exactly how this interplay of forces is materially different from influences that have reinforced change in the past. An in-depth analysis of the change management, as in terms what is causing the change, would be conducted foc using on the Brazilian based manufacturing firm, Semco. External Change Drivers The business does not get changed itself, nor does it require it self to change without any need as the profitability (growth) or survival is the core objective of any business, but when it comes to change, only external factors make an organisation or business change primarily, afterwards the firm changes itself may be in internal manners. The External change drivers that can be seen commonly in this modern world or from the time the changes took place include Mega Environment1, it further includes Technological Element, in which the modern technology that is used outside the firm, perhaps around the world and by the competitors, tends to change the Organisation, the failure to use such technology can result in loss of values, customers, and most importantly long-term profits. Semco acquired new plants, came up with innovation in their manufacturing techniques through R&D and so it reduced the rejection rate, it further downsized the company by eliminating 23% of employees through attrition and incentive programs, the company had to do all this otherwise it would not have been able to cope with the external changes. The next external change is brought by Economic Element, of course the change in the country's wealth distribution, it's financial debt and the inflation can create unbalance in an Organisation or any busin ess, such as the decrease in the price of a certain commodity or product can have some negative impact on the firms profitability, specially if the country in which the Organisation is operated is a socialist economy in which the government owns a lot than the individuals, the importance of economic element is obvious from the fact that in1980 when Semco was seeking help from various banks and foreign companies, many of the institutions refused it because of the economic status of Brazil and further the Semco's poor

In our own Interest Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

In our own Interest - Essay Example During the case of Somalia, 19 Americans died while attempting to restore peace (Thompson et al 4). Following the Mogadishu case, President Clinton’s intervention was restricted by the administration, despite the fact that the recommendations offered went against their humanistic conscience. The recommendation entailed the evacuation of all the American people at Rwanda, but not rescuing any Rwandan’s despite the fact that they perfectly understood the crisis at Rwanda. This paper reviews the response of President Clinton and his staff during the Rwanda Genocide, towards demonstrating the evils that emanate from obedience and the influence of authority on human behavior. Discussion Following the orders from the American administration, during and after the start of the Rwandan crisis, the administration’s advisors and the planning teams of the US – through president Clinton and his staffs communicated a number of excuses – for failing to act in resp onse to the genocide (Thompson, et al. 2; Carroll). The reasons given by President Clinton and his staffs included that the true magnitude and the scale of the killings taking place at Rwanda was not known. They also claimed that the rate of killings did not warrant the response of the US government (Thompson, et al. 3). However, considering that the massacre continued for a period of three months, it was clear that the inaction of President Clinton and his administration was not caused by the lack of proper information. Further, it became clear that the US was aware that the plans of the attack were known, because it was reported to the US, but nothing was done about the situation. The inaction of the US was also, not because it did not have enough resources, using which to respond to the situation. The reasons behind the failure of the inaction were primarily policy issues (DIA). The President and his staffs’ inaction are evident from the fact that they were well aware of t he case, eve before it happened. This was evident from the fact that, on 11th of January 1994 General Dellaire informed the UN of planned assassinations of Tutsi officials (Carroll). His subsequent appeals for reinforcement were not served. Further, after the start of the killings, memoranda about killings were sent to the Secretary of Defense’s office, and leading news papers like the Washington post and the New York Times reported the killings taking place (DIA). The policy recommendations that went against the conscience of President Clinton and his staffs included those from the administration that military force was not to be employed, following the experience that the US government had gained from the 3rd of October 1993 raid at Mogadishu, which ended with the killing of 19 Americans (Samantha 378). Other policy recommendations advanced by the US administration included that the interests of the US had to be protected, the administration did not have any allocation to a ddress the situation and that it lacked allied and public support (Samantha 378). These administrative policy recommendations tied the president and his staff’s ability to decide in favor of the crisis at Rwanda. This case shows the effects of their obedience; because the case culminated in the killing of more than 500,000 people (O'Toole; Stanley). The president and h

Drug Use And Social Control Criminology Essay

Drug Use And Social Control Criminology Essay Drug use and addiction have been a long time burden for society. Over the years many programs have been developed to help curb illegal activity, however it still continues. While appropriate attempts to control drug abuse have surfaced, there have also been many that have proven counterproductive. There are a number of theories as to why these theories have developed, but one might speculate that it is because drug abuse has such a wide and varied effect on families, society as well as the criminal justice system. This creates many attempts at control and is possibly the biggest reason for the numerous factors that involve drug abuse and society. This paper will examine the reaction of society to drug abuse and the attempts that have been made to control such behavior. The Stigma Of Abuse There are many stigmas that surface in society, each ranging in severity and consequence. Society, as a whole is quick to judge others and make rash assumptions about the person, based on their actions or other limited information. Those that abuse illicit drugs are one of the most stigmatized groups in society today. There is a negative connotation at the mere speaking of drug abuse. Children are taught from an early age that drugs are bad and will lead them to a life full of crime and potentially even death. While these speculations are not inaccurate, it does send a message to youth that relays that people, who suffer from addiction, are bad and/or criminals (Ball, 2007). While these assumptions may be correct in some respects, it is inappropriate to generalize groups of people as a whole. There are a number of situations and circumstances that can cause addiction, not only poor personal choices. A stigma is defined as, an attribute that is deeply discrediting, occurs when an individual experiences social disqualification due to a specific attribute or flaw (Palamar, Kiang Halkitis, 2012). In lay terms, a stigma is a preconceived notion about an individual based on their actions or perceived actions. While most consider stigmas a negative concept, it appears to be engrained in human nature to engage in this type of behavior. According to Palamar, Kiang and Halkitis, stigmas are also based on the type of drug and method of use as well (2012 ). For example, some consider the harder drugs, such as heroin or amphetamines, to be the worst and those that use them as the worst addicts. The reason for the more negative assumptions may be based on the level of harm that the drug causes. Heroin and methamphetamine are known to cause severe health concerns and commonly lead to illegal behavior that has a negative effect on society. As harm comes to society, individuals quickly associat e the drug and caused actions, thereby creating animosity and fueling the stigma. In many cases, the stigma might be used as a form of punishment to the user that is hoped to curtail or prevent drug abuse. The theory being that if enough pressure is placed on the individual than they will stop using drugs however is rarely successful. Addiction is a disease and the mere words or negative attitudes of others are not sufficient in stopping the cycle of abuse (Tiger, 2011). Families, commonly put pressure on their loved ones, who are using drugs, possibly even not speaking to them, in hopes that they will wake up and cease their drug use. Even though stigmas are sometimes used to curb the problem, it oftentimes leads to additional problems. As these individuals attempt to mesh in society, by getting a job or attempting sobriety they are often frowned upon, which creates more distance. Many employers will not hire them, which facilitates unemployment, and continued drug abuse. Certainly, it is not the fault of the employer, but if the addict is not able to work and sustain a life by paycheck, they may return to stealing to support himself or family. The Criminal Justice System Legislation and laws are not new to the criminal justice system. There have been laws regarding illicit drug use for many years. What has changed in recent decades is the way that drug offenses are charged, handled and processed. There are approximately 2.3 billion offenders in jail or prison for drug offenses in the United States (Tiger, 2011). That is a significant increase over the past years and one might speculate that it is because of tougher laws, more enforcement and awareness about drug abuse than in past years. One of the most notable policy changes has come with the establishment of what is known as Drug Court. Originally introduced by the criminal court system, Drug Courts have been put in action to address drug offenses in a more efficient manner (Tiger, 2011). Before these specialty courts were established, an individual convicted of drug offenses, may be punished, fined or incarcerated and then returned to society. In addition to prison and jail overcrowding, society a lso noted that the system was not efficient and had poor results. Typically these individuals would be back in the court system very soon after their charge, for another drug offense. Not only does this place the individual at harm, it also creates a danger to society. An example of this harm is an individual convicted of driving while intoxicated and then has another accident that takes someones life. They were not helped by going to jail or having a court date, their alcoholism was never addressed, which meant that the legal system failed in many respects. In order to address these issues, the 1966 Narcotic Rehabilitation Act was established, which gave each state the right or ability to force an offender into treatment or rehabilitation (Tiger, 2011). This then gave way to court ordered treatment and thereby the drug court system. Drug court is meant to oversee the offender in many different aspects of their life. In addition to addressing their criminal behavior, they also oversee their addiction treatment while they are on probation per say. The individuals assigned to drug court are generally drug tested every month, required to pay a fine and also report for monthly appointments. By requiring drug treatment the individual is addressing their legal concerns, but also getting help for the root of the problem, which is addiction. Commonly, counseling and other therapeutic services are required of offenders to assist them in changing their life. Coerced Treatment As A Form Of Control Understandably, one of the first lines of defenses for families is coerced treatment. In most states there are laws and protections that allow a person, who is in danger of harm to be committed. In many cases, families are frustrated with their loved ones and fearful for their safety so they attempt to convince or force the person into treatment. Unfortunately, when an individual is an adult it is rather difficult to force them into treatment without legal action. This is generally only relevant to a person that is exhibiting suicidal or homicidal ideas and not a person using illicit drugs. Forcing treatment is mistakenly thought to be a line of defense, however rarely works because of the users rights and freedoms (Ball, 2007). While families or other loved ones cannot force their family member into treatment the court system does have the ability to require treatment. Most offenders take the offered help, however there are those that refuse treatment or counseling. Each individual is given the choice, granted it is either treatment or jail time, but they still have the choice. There are those that are in and out of the prison system, who never engage in treatment or accept help, thereby perpetuating the cycle of abuse. Prevention The War Against Drugs With the increase in the criminalization of drugs in the past 30 years there have also been numerous changes to prevention attempts (Ball, 2007). Almost every school and community proudly boosts the fact that they offer drug prevention and awareness education. There have been a number of programs that have been created based on educating the community about drugs, harms and fads that are present. The increased amount of drugs and detriment has caused an increase in media coverage and allowed people to become more aware of the prevalence of drug use. With that also came a demand for an increase in Federal funding for prevention measures, treatment and assistance for those of lower socio-economic status. One of the major themes of prevention is an attempt to learn more about the causes and risk factors of addiction. There has been a great deal of controversy over the years regarding the causes of addiction. The nature versus nurture argument suggests that individuals become who they are or engage in particular behavior based on either their genetics or influence of environment (Zimic Jukic, 2012). Some argue that individuals are born with the propensity to use drugs based on hereditary and genetic factors. This would mean that regardless of the type of parents or environment that a child grew up with that they would be genetically predisposed to use drugs. On the flip side of the argument, individuals are said to be shaped by their experiences throughout their lives. These experiences shape who they are and what types of behavior that they engage in. For example, a child that grows up in a home where drug abuse is prevalent would be more likely to follow in the same footsteps as their parents. Both theories make excellent points, and many choose to believe that individuals are influence by both genetics and their environment. Other factors that place individuals at a higher risk of drug abuse is lower socio-economic status, family problems, academic trouble, mental illness as well as a host of other factors (Zimic Jukic, 2012). In light of these factors being noted, programs have been established to combat the negative effects. Programs such as the girls and boys clubs and mentor groups are put into place to assist children that might be from broken homes, have poor parental support or be associating with the wrong crowd. These programs are aimed at prevention and cessation as a measure to reduce the amount of drug use as well as criminal behavior. These intervention programs are meant to assist parents in a better understanding of the needs of their children, the warning signs of drug abuse as well as the importance of the family role. For the child, the programs are meant for education, but also guidance and to learn improved coping skills or manners by which to deal with the stress or problems that ar e placing them at the greatest risk of abuse. Harm Reduction Theory The harm reduction theory is considered a method of control for both drug addicts and society in general. This thought process is based on the belief that certain types of treatment or prevention are less harmful than drug use or risky behavior (Ball, 2007). One of the best examples of this belief system is Methadone Maintenance Treatment. Methadone is a synthetic opiate that is used to keep heroin addicts from using illicit drugs (Zimic Jukic, 2012). Methadone blocks the opioid receptors in the brain, thereby preventing the addicts ability to get high from continued heroin abuse. Some suggest that the introduction of methadone is simply another drug, because it is addictive and the individual becomes physically dependent. Those that promote methadone treatment suggest that these individuals, even though they are addicted to methadone, can functionally normally within society. Rather than engaging in criminal activities for drug money, the individuals can work, engage in family activities and receive psychological counseling. Other forms of harm reduction programs and theories are centered on providing condoms or even clean needles for IV drug users. The theory behind this controversial practice is the hopes that there will be a decrease or reduction in the amount of communicable diseases such as HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis C and tuberculosis (Ball, 2007). Society and families have long stood against illegal drug use. There are a number of programs and prevention attempts that are currently used. While this assistance is used as a manner of control the negative stigma about drug users is still very prevalent in todays society. Drug users are frowned upon and typically have a difficult time in society because of their choices and actions. It is important that society continue educating about drugs, harms and how perceived attitudes can further the problems. Education and continued address are the best lines of defense for prevention. Additional research into addiction and better therapy or treatment could also assist society in gaining better control of the problems at hand.

Rosa Parks: Life and Times :: American America History

Rosa Parks: Life and Times Thesis Statement- Rosa Parks, through protest and public support, has become the mother of the civil rights changing segregation laws forever. Life - Rosa Parks was born only a month before world war one started in Europe on February 4, 1913. Parks mother worked as a school teacher in Tuskegee, Alabama. James McCauley, Rosa's dad was a carpenter. They lived in Tuskegee and owned farmland of their own. After Sylvester was born, Rosa's little brother, her father left them and went off to live in another town. He had been cheated out of his farmland by a white man and couldn't support the family any longer. Rosa her mother and her brother then moved to live with her grandparents on a farm in Pinelevel, which lay between Tuskegee and Montgomery, Alabama. It was a small plot of land, but it kept them all fed. From this point on Rosa was mainly brought up by her Grandparents with the assistance of her mother. Rosa gave up school when she came close to graduating, around the same time Rosa got married. Raymond Parks married Rosa McCauley December 18, 1932. He was a barber from Wedowee County, Alabama. He had little formal educatio n but a thirst for knowledge. Her husband, Raymond Parks, encouraged her to finish her courses. In 1934 she received her diploma from Alabama State College. She was happy that she completed her education but had little hope of getting a better job. When Rosa had finished school she was lucky enough to get a job as a seamstress in a local sewing factory. Prior to the bus incident Rosa was still fighting. She had run-ins with bus drivers and was evicted from buses. Parks recalls the humiliation: "I didn't want to pay my fare and then go around the back door, because many times, even if you did that, you might not get on the bus at all. They'd probably shut the door, drive off, and leave you standing there." An event to remember....- While the fight by blacks for civil rights had been going on for years, it took one middle-aged black woman with tired feet and a strong will to really get the battle going. On the 1st of December 1955, seamstress Mrs. Rosa Parks, was arrested in Montgomery, Alabama for not standing and letting a white bus rider take her seat, she was found guilty of the crime of disorderly conduct with a fine of fourteen dollars. Rosa Parks: Life and Times :: American America History Rosa Parks: Life and Times Thesis Statement- Rosa Parks, through protest and public support, has become the mother of the civil rights changing segregation laws forever. Life - Rosa Parks was born only a month before world war one started in Europe on February 4, 1913. Parks mother worked as a school teacher in Tuskegee, Alabama. James McCauley, Rosa's dad was a carpenter. They lived in Tuskegee and owned farmland of their own. After Sylvester was born, Rosa's little brother, her father left them and went off to live in another town. He had been cheated out of his farmland by a white man and couldn't support the family any longer. Rosa her mother and her brother then moved to live with her grandparents on a farm in Pinelevel, which lay between Tuskegee and Montgomery, Alabama. It was a small plot of land, but it kept them all fed. From this point on Rosa was mainly brought up by her Grandparents with the assistance of her mother. Rosa gave up school when she came close to graduating, around the same time Rosa got married. Raymond Parks married Rosa McCauley December 18, 1932. He was a barber from Wedowee County, Alabama. He had little formal educatio n but a thirst for knowledge. Her husband, Raymond Parks, encouraged her to finish her courses. In 1934 she received her diploma from Alabama State College. She was happy that she completed her education but had little hope of getting a better job. When Rosa had finished school she was lucky enough to get a job as a seamstress in a local sewing factory. Prior to the bus incident Rosa was still fighting. She had run-ins with bus drivers and was evicted from buses. Parks recalls the humiliation: "I didn't want to pay my fare and then go around the back door, because many times, even if you did that, you might not get on the bus at all. They'd probably shut the door, drive off, and leave you standing there." An event to remember....- While the fight by blacks for civil rights had been going on for years, it took one middle-aged black woman with tired feet and a strong will to really get the battle going. On the 1st of December 1955, seamstress Mrs. Rosa Parks, was arrested in Montgomery, Alabama for not standing and letting a white bus rider take her seat, she was found guilty of the crime of disorderly conduct with a fine of fourteen dollars.

Continuities and changes of religion in Sub-saharan Africa Essay

Sub-saharan Africa has undergone changes with religion such as the changing of religious affiliation to Christianity and the practices of cosmology and ontology, however, Sub-saharan Africa has also remained constant with their thoughts being focused on various beliefs like a creator and evil. Christianity was predominantly the main religion in Sub-saharan Africa opposed to the Muslims of North Africa. Christianity in the Americas slowly began to send out missionaries to spread the Gospel and build churches in Africa. The people began to form their daily lives and rituals accordingly and the population of Christians rose from about 9% to around 63% over the years from the 1900’s to modern day. Missions in Africa is most definitely something that Christians in other part of the world have focused on. It seems to be a more targeted area for its other religious practices such as cosmology and ontology. Cosmology and Ontology are more philosophical beliefs in nature, evolution, and the way the world works. In Africa, many small tribes are closed off from communication outside of their tribe, and have practiced certain beliefs for hundreds of years. This belief system tends to lean towards the more relaxed â€Å"religion† and allows freedom for the people in those tribes to do what they want as long as it is â€Å"parallel to what is right in nature†. Everything in this philosophical study is that of nature. Nature is considered holy and worthy of worship. Cosmology and Ontology are how Sub-Saharan Africans attempted to explain our complex world in the simplest way possible that makes sense to them. There were also other beliefs that Sub-saharan Africans developed over time such as the belief in evil beings and â€Å"eternal paradise†. Sub-saharan Africans soon realized that there needed to be some kind of an explanation for what happens when you die, or what evil is. These details did not necessarily help form a new religion, but rather simply added on top of the religions already in place in the Sub-saharan region. In the Niger-congo area, there was a common belief in spirits, a creator of the universe rather than evolution. In other areas, there was the belief in the worship and idolization of ones personal gods whom they gave thanks to and credited much of their life to. These tribes lived their lives to please their gods in order to win favor and win a long and prosperous life. This is also something that was seen in Ancient Greece where Greek Mythology and the worship of gods took place. These people too, lived to please the gods to live a good life. In conclusion, Sub-saharan African has undergone changes in religion such as Christianity and Cosmology, but there was also factors that remained constant throughout the existence of Sub-saharan Africa such as little tribes who believe in pleasing personal gods.

Free Essays on Transitions

High school is a strange time. After three years of trying to develop identity and friends in middle school, students are expected to mature immediately on the first day of ninth grade, but I never did this. I never fully realized in the earlier grades how important high school success, as measured by GPA, would be to my future life, and as a result I am applying to college with seemingly contradictory measures of my ability to perform college-level work. If I had worked and studied hard rather than hanging out with friends and viewing high school as an opportunity to socialize, I would not have to apply to school with a 1060 SAT and a 2.8 GPA. Had I taken my grades in my earlier years seriously, I could have been a college's dream candidate. This year I have made an earnest effort to improve my work ethic. My grade point average is rising and my study habits are improving. However, after performing poorly for almost three and a half years, my GPA cannot reflect the transformation I underwent at the middle of this year. Dedicated to making something of myself, I finally matured and am now trying to lessen the consequences of my past actions. Armed with my new attitude and my understanding of the extreme importance of earning good grades to signal my capacity to work responsibly, I assure you that I will never revert to the student I once was. In retrospect, I believe that it was my inability to choose my classes that resulted in my lack of enthusiasm on the ride to school each morning. I enjoy the freedom to pursue my own interests and anxiously anticipate the ability to choose my own class schedule in college. While I understand that college will be significantly more challenging than high school, I have always found it easier to study for a class that interests me. I am also willing to accept the fact that as long as I am in school, I will be forced to take required courses that I might be less than enthusiastic about. However... Free Essays on Transitions Free Essays on Transitions High school is a strange time. After three years of trying to develop identity and friends in middle school, students are expected to mature immediately on the first day of ninth grade, but I never did this. I never fully realized in the earlier grades how important high school success, as measured by GPA, would be to my future life, and as a result I am applying to college with seemingly contradictory measures of my ability to perform college-level work. If I had worked and studied hard rather than hanging out with friends and viewing high school as an opportunity to socialize, I would not have to apply to school with a 1060 SAT and a 2.8 GPA. Had I taken my grades in my earlier years seriously, I could have been a college's dream candidate. This year I have made an earnest effort to improve my work ethic. My grade point average is rising and my study habits are improving. However, after performing poorly for almost three and a half years, my GPA cannot reflect the transformation I underwent at the middle of this year. Dedicated to making something of myself, I finally matured and am now trying to lessen the consequences of my past actions. Armed with my new attitude and my understanding of the extreme importance of earning good grades to signal my capacity to work responsibly, I assure you that I will never revert to the student I once was. In retrospect, I believe that it was my inability to choose my classes that resulted in my lack of enthusiasm on the ride to school each morning. I enjoy the freedom to pursue my own interests and anxiously anticipate the ability to choose my own class schedule in college. While I understand that college will be significantly more challenging than high school, I have always found it easier to study for a class that interests me. I am also willing to accept the fact that as long as I am in school, I will be forced to take required courses that I might be less than enthusiastic about. However...

The Tenor of a Metaphor, a Rhetorical Term

The Tenor of a Metaphor, a Rhetorical Term In a metaphor, the tenor is the principal subject illuminated by the vehicle (that is, the actual  figurative expression). The interaction of tenor and vehicle evokes the meaning of the metaphor. Another word for tenor is topic. For example, if you call a lively or outspoken person a firecracker (The guy was a real firecracker, determined to live life on his own terms), the aggressive person is the tenor and firecracker is the vehicle. The terms vehicle  and  tenor  were introduced by British  rhetorician  Ivor Armstrong Richards in  The Philosophy of Rhetoric  (1936). [V]ehicle and tenor in cooperation, said Richards, give a meaning of more varied powers than can be ascribed to either. Examples The main elements of metaphorical equations such as Life is a walking shadow are often referred to as tenor (thing we are talking about) and vehicle (that to which we are comparing it).   Ground . . . denotes the link between tenor and vehicle (i.e., common properties; Ullmann 1962: 213). Thus, in the metaphor  Ã‚  Life is a walking shadow, life represents the tenor, walking shadow the vehicle, and transience the ground.Alternative terminologies abound. Popular alternatives for tenor and vehicle are target domain and source domain, respectively.(Verena Haser,  Metaphor, Metonymy, and Experientialist Philosophy: Challenging Cognitive  Semantics. Walter de Gruyter, 2005)Tenor and Vehicle in William Staffords RecoilIn William Staffords poem Recoil, the first stanza is the vehicle and the second stanza is the tenor:The bow bent remembers home long,the years of its tree, the whineof wind all night conditioningit, and its answer Twang!To the people here who would fret me downtheir way and make me bend:By remembering hard I could startle for homeand be myself again. Tenor and Vehicle in Cowleys The WishIn the first stanza of Abraham Cowleys poem â€Å"The Wish,† the tenor is the city and the vehicle is a beehive:Well then! I now do plainly seeThis busy world and I shall neer agree.The very honey of all earthly joyDoes of all meats the soonest cloy;And they, methinks, deserve my pityWho for it can endure the stings,The crowd and buzz and murmurings,Of this great hive, the city. I.A. Richards on Tenor and Vehicle We need the word metaphor for the whole double unit, and to use it sometimes for one of the two components in separation from the other is as injudicious as that other trick by which we use the meaning here sometimes for the work that the whole double unit does and sometimes for the other componentthe tenor, as I am calling itthe underlying idea or principal subject which the vehicle or figure means. It is not surprising that the detailed analysis of metaphors, if we attempt it with such slippery terms as these, sometimes feels like extracting cube-roots in the head.​(I.A. Richards, The Philosophy of Rhetoric. Oxford University Press, 1936)​[I.A. Richards] understood metaphor as a series of shifts, as borrowings back and forth, between tenor and vehicle. Hence, in 1936, his famous definition of metaphor as a transaction between contexts.Richards justified coining tenor, vehicle, and ground to clarify the terms of that transaction. . . . The two parts had been called by such loaded locutions as the original idea and the borrowed one; what is really being said or thought of and what it is compared to; the idea and the image; and the meaning and the metaphor. Some theorists refused to concede how much idea was imbedded in, drawn from the image. . . . With neutral terms a critic can proceed to study the relations between tenor and vehicle more objectively.(J. P. Russo, I.A. Richards: His Life and Work. Taylor, 1989) Pronunciation: TEN-er

Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 6

Leadership - Essay Example In order to decide on the most effective approach, the manager must consider the experience and skill levels of employees, the kind of work involved, the organization’s environment and the manager’s natural or preferred style (Schriesheim, 1982). While positive leadership commonly give rewards such as independence and training to employees with an aim of increasing employee morale, negative leadership emphasizes giving penalties. A close analysis of the company’s management has revealed that most supervisors in the company have preferred the application of transformational management over other management styles. The impacts of this management style theoretically include improved employee morale and performance according to Bass (1998). It is however unclear whether its application in the company has and will continue to yield positive fruits. It is in this respect that the organization seeks to carry out a research to make certain whether or not the transformational management style is effective in practice as it is claimed to be in theory with regard to this company. The research will be limited to the company and its employees and will therefore preclude the involvement of other persons or parties. While mention of several management styles will be made, the research will be biased towards the application of transformational leadership vis a vis autocratic leadership. Further, the research will mainly concentrate on determining the effects of supervisors’ application of transformational leadership on employees and their performances at work. In this respect, the research will focus on measuring the impacts of the management style in terms of employee commitment, absenteeism and performance as well as production turnover. In appreciation of the fact that management style of an organization’s leadership has significant and measurable impacts on its (the organization’s) performance, there is a

Tourism and Hospitality Marketing case study Essay

Tourism and Hospitality Marketing case study - Essay Example As a result, most of the entrepreneurs in this recent age desire to cope with the changing needs and requirements of the customers as well as marketing ideas. Nowadays, social media or online marketing is used for attaining the products and services of their choices. It is mainly due to the high craze for information technology within the target customers of the recent age. So, it is accepted as the most vital way of promoting any product or service of any organisation. Thus, from this it may be analysed that each and every generation or age group presents a unique style, experiences, values and demographics, thereby offering a high level of influence on the buying behaviours (Pires, 2006). In this regard, most of the companies of this age are targeting to approach multi-generational consumers so as to understand their behaviour and demands. Multi-generational or generational marketing acts as the practice of understanding the needs, style, values and behaviours of individuals within one or more than one particular group. This is done by the entrepreneurs or marketers to analyse the demands of the consumers, tailored according to their age groups. By doing so, a specific segment of customers is focused on by the organisation entirely based on the demographic and psychographic factors. As a result, the total sales of the organisation might be increased and result in amplification of its profitability and ROI in the long term. Concurrently, positioning of brands in the minds of the customers of an organisation might be effective. Consequently, the brand image and reputation might also be enhanced to a significant extent, which is extremely essential to sustain in the long run (Williams, 2006). Hence, due to these above mentioned advantages, the generational approach is adopted marketing in this recent age so as to remain competitive in the market among other rivals. At the same time, the level of reliability and trust within the minds of the customers also enhanc es, resulting in reduction of the switch-over rate. However, the generational approach to marketing comprises certain disadvantages as presented below. Always interested in the technologically advanced products or services The interest rate or demand for a particular product or service is extremely short term based Not at all loyal to the brands or the product lines of an organisation Switch-over rate is extremely high Highly influenced by word of mouth that is short-termed Highly influenced by friends’ or peers’ views and ideas Desires to experience innovative products and services of different organisations Therefore, due to all these disadvantages mentioned in the above paragraph, it may be inferred that the generational marketing approach is both advantageous and detrimental for an organisation in the long run (Cho & Woods, 2006). Answer 2 Sydney is the capital of the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is one of the most populous cities within Australia. It is located on the south eastern coast of the Tasman Sea. Sydney comprised a population of approximately 4.6 million in 2010. Besides, the city of Sydney also experiences a pleasant climate with a mild winter and warm summer along with frequent rainfall throughout the year. For this reason, the city remains cool in the entire year presenting a very good atmosphere to the